Selenium Java Tutorial: Automation Testing of a User Sign Up Form

If you are just starting with Selenium automation testing of your product, the first page you would probably want to automate would be the Sign Up or Login Page. If you have an online platform, like an ecommerce company or a Software-as-a-Service product, the Sign Up page acts as the door to welcome visitors to your web application. 

It is one of the simplest yet one of the most important pages of your platform, and comes at the start of every possible user journey that you may want to test. Hence, it is also one of the most important web pages for your web application.

So today, we are going deeper into how you can perform Selenium automation testing on your application's Sign Up page. We are going to execute automation testing with Selenium and Java. In one of our previous Selenium Java tutorials, we demonstrated how to automate the login process using Selenium automation testing.

Today, we will take an example of a Registration Page/Sign Up Page from LambdaTest. We will start our discussion with the test cases and process for the registration page of LambdaTest and then move to see how we can implement automated testing in our browser coverage for efficient cross-browser testing and accelerate automation testing through parallel testing on Selenium Grid.

You may also like: Your Guide to Automated Testing [Articles and Tutorials].

Before moving forward, let’s look at the workflow in a bit more detail and see how the Sign Up page of LambdaTest works.

As a first step, we enter URL https://www.lambdatest.com in any browser to reach the landing page of the LambdaTest website. You can refer following screenshot for the landing page.

From there, we are going to click on the Free Signup button and reach to the Registration page of LambdaTest.

Now, let us check the functional fields on this Registration page:

• Organization/Company Name (Text field).
• Full Name of the user (Text field).
• Work Email Id (Text field).
• Desired Password (Text field).
• Phone number of the user (Text field).
• Terms and Privacy Policy (checkbox).
• Free Signup (button).

Workflow of the Sign Up Page

Enter all the required fields: Full Name, Work Email, Desired Password, Phone number, Terms and Privacy policy checkbox.

Validate the fields:

1. Work email : Should not be an existing user, valid email.
2. Password : Should provide minimum required length for password.
3. Phone Number
4. Terms and Privacy policy checkbox

Until now, we have discussed all the basic things about the registration page, specifically related to the registration page of LambdaTest. So let us proceed with writing test cases for this page.

Possible Test Scenarios of the Sign Up Page

Elements

Check if all buttons, titles, and checkboxes are present on the page, and if those are working by clicking on all buttons and checkboxes. In the case of this particular registration page, we should check the following: buttons, text fields, terms, and privacy policy checkbox.

Links

Check if all the links present on the page redirect to their expected pages:

• LambdaTest link redirects to LambdaTest are launching the correct page.
• Terms of Service link opens a new tab with redirection to the Terms of Service page.
• Privacy Policy link opens a new tab with redirection to the Privacy Policy page.
• Login link redirects from the registration page to login page.

Optional Fields

In the case of the LambdaTest registration page, the only optional values are Organization or Company Name. So, we will try to register with and without those values, and it should be possible to complete the registration in both of these cases (considering the user has provided all other information correctly).

Required Fields

Now that we have an understanding of our fields as a whole, let's discuss the cases related to each field.

Full Name

→ Verify without providing Full name; it should give the respective error, and it should not be possible to proceed further on the registration page.

→ verify with providing Full name; it should be possible to complete the registration.

Work Email

→ Verify with valid email ID, but have an existing account on LambdaTest platform with that email ID. In that case, the user should not be allowed to register with that email ID and should give a respective error message.

→ Verify without providing any details in the Work Email field. It should not be allowed to register without any email ID and should give a respective error message.

→ Verify with valid email ID, which does not have an account on LambdaTest with that email ID, so the user should be able to proceed and register successfully.

Desired Password

→ Verify without providing any password in the Desired Password field. It should give the respected error message to provide the password.

→ As we can see, there is a minimum length of characters for the password (at least 8 characters). So, we can make use of test design technique Boundary Value Analysis (BVA), as we have minimum criteria of 8 characters, so we can test with lengths 7, 8, and 9 characters.

• When it is less than 7 characters long, it should give the error to the user, and the user can proceed to complete the registration process.
• When it is 8 characters long, then it should be possible for the user to complete the registration process successfully without any error.
• When it is 9 characters long, it should be possible for the user to complete the registration process successfully without any error.

Phone

→ Verify without providing any phone number in the field, as it is also a mandatory field, so the user should not be able to proceed and complete the registration without providing a phone number.

→ Verify with providing an invalid phone number (phone number with 2-3 digit). In this case, the user should not be able to proceed and complete the registration process.

→ Verify with providing a valid phone number in the field. In this case, the user should be able to register successfully with the valid phone number.

Terms of Service Checkbox:

→ Verify with checking the Terms of Services checkbox. As it is a required field in the registration process, the user cannot proceed to complete without checking this checkbox.

→ Verify when Terms of Services checkbox is selected. The user can complete the registration successfully without any error.

Automating User Sign Up Form Using Selenium and Java

So far in this Selenium Java tutorial, you have established a fair understanding of what you need to test on the Sign Up page. With that in mind, let us roll into action and automate this Sign Up page by performing Selenium automation testing with Java and TestNG.

We will now come up with Selenium automation scripts and execute them on an online Selenium Grid. We will also leverage the power of parallel testing to fast track our automated cross-browser testing. Before all that, you should be ready with the below prerequisites.

Prerequisites

Before moving to the script, let us go through some basic prerequisites to write and execute our Selenium Automation test script.

1. JDK and JRE — This is required to execute any Java program in our system. You can download it from the official Oracle website.
3. Eclipse IDE — We have used Eclipse to write our program and test script. You can download it from the official Eclipse website, or you can use any other IDE, per your choice.
5. Selenium Jars — To write any Selenium automation test script, it is required to have Selenium Jars in the project. You can download Selenium Jars from the official Selenium website.
6. TestNG Framework — In the following test script, we have used the TestNG framework for Selenium automation testing, which will help us in generating test reports, prioritizing test cases, grouping the test cases, and also for parallel execution on different browsers. You can either download TestNG Jars, or you can directly add it inside Eclipse from the Eclipse Marketplace using the TestNG Eclipse URL, or you may refer to TestNG to download.

In the below example, we have integrated our test script with LambdaTest, a cross-browser testing tool. Wondering why we are running our Selenium automation tests on a cloud-based Selenium testing tool.

Although, Selenium empowers you to automate your web application testing across different browsers, you can only perform Selenium automation testing on browsers installed on your machine where the local webdriver is running.

Now, installing hundreds of browsers and maintaining the library for your inhouse Selenium infrastructure can be very strenuous and time-consuming.

This is why it is recommended to run Selenium automation testing on an online Selenium testing tool.

Selenium Automation Testing for Sign Up Page With LambdaTest

So, now, let’s discuss the process of how we can integrate our test script with LambdaTest and execute it to see the results. In our Selenium test script, we initialize the WebDriver as:

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Or 
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
// Or 
WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();

view rawwebdriver.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

While to start with, when we want to run test script on LambdaTest Selenium grid we have to initialize the WebDriver as:

WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("https://" + username + ":" + accesskey + "@hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub"),
DesiredCapabilities.firefox());

view rawwebdriver.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Now, a few questions will arise, like, "what are username and accesskey for?" The answer, so we can generate the username and accesskey from LambdaTest Capabilities Generator.

Here, once we select the OS, browser, Selenium WebDriver version etc., we can get the username and access key for our users, which we can use in the test script.

Note: To generate this username and access key, you should be registered and logged in your LambdaTest account.

After we generate the username and access key, we can use those in our test script in integration with LambdaTest. We have created the following test script for the LambdaTest registration page/Sign Up page, we have covered the test scenarios, which we have discussed above as manual test cases and scenarios.

While executing any automation test cases, there are few steps that are common and required to perform at the start of the test suite. Additionally, there are a few that need to be performed before every test case, which we can call as preconditions for the test case.

For example, while executing every test case, we need to open the browser and navigate to the target URL before starting to execute the actual test case, delete cookies, etc.

For this purpose, we use @BeforeClass and @BeforeMethod annotations from Test NG. In our case, we will need:

• To set few capabilities (browser, platform, etc.).
• Open the browser.
• Delete cookies.
• Open LambdaTest platform and navigate to the Sign Up page.

public String username = "yadneshshah91"; //your LambdaTest username
 public String accesskey = "1234ABCD"; //your LambdaTest access key
 public static RemoteWebDriver driver = null;
 public String gridURL = "@hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub"; //LambdaTest Hub URL
 boolean status = false;


 //Setting up capabilities to run our test script
 @Parameters(value= {"browser","version"})
 @BeforeClass
 public void setUp(String browser, String version) throws Exception {
 DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
 capabilities.setCapability("browserName", browser);
 capabilities.setCapability("version", version);
 capabilities.setCapability("platform", "win10"); // If this cap isn't specified, it will just get the any available one
 capabilities.setCapability("build", "LambdaTestSampleApp");
 capabilities.setCapability("name", "LambdaTestJavaSample");
 capabilities.setCapability("network", true); // To enable network logs
 capabilities.setCapability("visual", true); // To enable step by step screenshot
 capabilities.setCapability("video", true); // To enable video recording
 capabilities.setCapability("console", true); // To capture console logs
 try {
 driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("https://" + username + ":" + accesskey + gridURL), capabilities);
 } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
 System.out.println("Invalid grid URL");
 } catch (Exception e) {
 System.out.println(e.getMessage());
 }

 }

 //Opening browser with the given URL and navigate to Registration Page
 @BeforeMethod
 public void openBrowser()
 {
 driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();

driver.get("https://www.lambdatest.com/");

 driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
 driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

 WebElement signUpButton = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Free Signup')]"));
 signUpButton.click(); 

 }

view rawDesiredCapabilities.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

In the above code, notice the DesiredCapabilities object. This object is used to set capabilities like browser, version, operating system, etc. It also instructs the LambdaTest grid to run tests on the desired configurations. If you want to run tests locally, you would not necessarily need this object.

From here, we can open the browser, delete cookies, navigate to the default page of the LambdaTest, and then click on the Sign Up button to redirect to our target page.

The same is the case for the operations/tasks, which are required to perform at the end or after the execution of test cases. For Example: Closing the browser session, etc.

For this, we have used the @AfterMethod or @AfterMethod annotations from TestNG. If you are new to TestNG, then I suggest you read our detailed article on TestNG annotations.

// Closing the browser session after completing each test case
 @AfterClass
 public void tearDown() throws Exception {
 if (driver != null) {
 ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("lambda-status=" + status);
 driver.quit();
 }
 }

view rawTestNG annotations.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

In the above code, you can see that we have closed the browser session which we need to do after every test case.

Now, let's execute Selenium automation testing for the test cases, discussed above. In any Selenium automation test script, to perform any actions on the elements of the web page, we need to locate them first. For this, we make use of Selenium Locators.

Diving Deep Into Test Cases

Let’s look into our test cases to comprehend the test scenarios that we need to automate with Selenium testing.

Test Case 1

To verify if the expected elements are available on the Sign Up page.

//Verifying elements on Registration page
 @Test
 public void verifyElemntsOnPageTest()
 {
 WebElement lambdaTestLogo = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='signup-titel']"));
 lambdaTestLogo.isDisplayed();

 WebElement signUpTitle = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='signup-titel']"));
 signUpTitle.isDisplayed();

 WebElement termsText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//label[@class='woo']"));
 termsText.isDisplayed();

 WebElement loginLinkText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='login-in-link test-left']"));
 loginLinkText.isDisplayed();

 }

view rawSelenium_Test_Cases.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

In the above test case, we use the function verifyElemntsOnPageTest to locate a few elements like LambdaTest logo, Sign up title, terms of services text, etc. To locate the web elements, we can use different locating strategies like ID, XPath, CSS Selector, ClassName, etc. In the above case, we have located those elements using XPath.

Once those elements are located, we have verified each of them if those are displayed using method  isDisplayed().

Test Case 2

To verify the redirections with the links present on the pages.

//Verifying redirection to the terms and conditions page
 @Test
 public void termsRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement termsLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Terms')]"));
 termsLink.click(); 

 Set <String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

 for(String handle : allWindows)
 {
 driver.switchTo().window(handle);
 } 

 String expectedURL = "https://www.lambdatest.com/terms-of-service";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 //System.out.println(actualURL);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Terms of Service - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 //System.out.println(actualTitle);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle); 
 }

//Verifying Privacy policy page redirection
 @Test
 public void privacyPolicyRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement privacyPolicyLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Privacy')]"));
 privacyPolicyLink.click();

 Set <String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

 for(String handle : allWindows)
 {
 driver.switchTo().window(handle);
 } 

 String expectedURL = "https://www.lambdatest.com/privacy";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 //System.out.println(actualURL);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Privacy Policy | LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 //System.out.println(actualTitle);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle);
 } 

 //Verifying redirection to the Login page from Registration page
 @Test
 public void loginRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement loginLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Login')]"));
 loginLink.click();

 String expectedURL = "https://accounts.lambdatest.com/login";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 //System.out.println(actualURL);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Login - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 //System.out.println(actualTitle);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle); 
 }

 //Verifying redirection to the landing page
 @Test
 public void landingPageRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement lambdaTestLogo = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='logo-home']//a//img"));
 lambdaTestLogo.click();

 String expectedURL = "https://www.lambdatest.com/";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "";
 }

view rawSelenium_Test_Cases2.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Here, you can see we have added four methods for different links present on the Sign Up page, and we have verified after clicking those links user is redirected to the correct URL and page or not. In the above methods, we have also added assertions to verify if the redirection is done as expected.

Test Case 3

To verify the registration process by providing valid input data:

// Registration with all valid data
 @Test
 public void validRegistrationTest(){ 

 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test6.lambdatest@gmail.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@12345");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedURL = "https://accounts.lambdatest.com/email/verify";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Verify Your Email Address - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle);

 }

view rawSelenium_Test_Cases3.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Test Case 4

To verify the registration process with different invalid input data.

// Registration without providing Company Name field
 @Test
 public void emptyCompanyNameTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test7.lambdatest@gmail.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@12345");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click(); 

/*
 * Set <String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();
 * 
 * for(String handle : allWindows) { driver.switchTo().window(handle); }
 */ 

 String expectedURL = "https://accounts.lambdatest.com/email/verify";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Verify Your Email Address - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle);
 }

 // Registration without providing Name field
 @Test
 public void emptyNameTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter your Name";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter your Name')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);

 }

 // Registration without providing user email field
 @Test
 public void emptyEmailTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("test");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter your Email Address";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter your Email Address')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration with email id which already have account
 @Test
 public void invalidEmailTest()
 {

 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "This email is already registered";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='error-mass']"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration without providing password field
 @Test
 public void emptyPasswordTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter a desired password";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter a desired password')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration with invalid password
 @Test
 public void inValidPasswordTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("T");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Password should be at least 8 characters long";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Password should be at least 8 characters long')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 //Password should be at least 8 characters long
 }

 // Registration without providing user phone number field
 @Test
 public void emptyPhoneTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "The phone field is required.";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'The phone field is required.')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration with providing invalid user phone number field
 @Test
 public void inValidPhoneTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("98");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter a valid Phone number";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter a valid Phone number')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);

 //Please enter a valid Phone number
 }

 // Registration without accepting terms and condition tickbox
 @Test
 public void uncheckedTerms()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 //WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 //termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedTermsErrorMessage = "To proceed further you must agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy";
 WebElement uncheckedTermCheckbox = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='error-mass mt-2']"));
 String actualTermsErrorMessage = uncheckedTermCheckbox.getText();
 //To proceed further you must agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

 Assert.assertEquals(actualTermsErrorMessage, expectedTermsErrorMessage);
 }

view rawTest_Cases4.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

In the above code, you can see that we have covered different cases in which one field is provided with invalid input data. Also, at the end of every method, we have added assertion along with expected error messages for the invalid input we have provided.

Entire Test Script to Automate Sign Up Using Selenium and Java

As we have seen, the Selenium automation testing script and different test cases in bits and pieces. Now, let us combine this code to present the entire test script, which can be executed on multiple browsers that we provide as a parameter.

Please also refer to the testng.xml file, which is provided at the end. This is very important to execute Selenium automation testing in parallel across different browsers.

Automation test script for LambdaTest Registration Page:

package com.lambdatest;


//TestNG Todo : Sample App
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.asserts.Assertion;

import com.beust.jcommander.Parameter;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class SignUpTest{

public String username = "yadneshshah91";
 public String accesskey = "iD4oCZKyC8R2kwH1kLhTxAGgXZFANGoyzGDzY9RTqDTx9jskZo";
 public static RemoteWebDriver driver = null;
 public String gridURL = "@hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub";
 boolean status = false;


 //Setting up capabilities to run our test script
 @Parameters(value= {"browser","version"})
 @BeforeClass
 public void setUp(String browser, String version) throws Exception {
 DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
 capabilities.setCapability("browserName", browser);
 capabilities.setCapability("version", version);
 capabilities.setCapability("platform", "win10"); // If this cap isn't specified, it will just get any available one
 capabilities.setCapability("build", "LambdaTestSampleApp");
 capabilities.setCapability("name", "LambdaTestJavaSample");
 capabilities.setCapability("network", true); // To enable network logs
 capabilities.setCapability("visual", true); // To enable step by step screenshot
 capabilities.setCapability("video", true); // To enable video recording
 capabilities.setCapability("console", true); // To capture console logs
 try {
 driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("https://" + username + ":" + accesskey + gridURL), capabilities);
 } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
 System.out.println("Invalid grid URL");
 } catch (Exception e) {
 System.out.println(e.getMessage());
 }

 }

 //Opening browser with the given URL and navigate to Registration Page
 @BeforeMethod
 public void openBrowser()
 {
 driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();

driver.get("https://www.lambdatest.com/");

 driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
 driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

 WebElement signUpButton = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Start Free Testing')]"));
 signUpButton.click(); 

 }

 //Verifying elements on Registration page
 @Test
 public void verifyElemntsOnPageTest()
 {
 WebElement lambdaTestLogo = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='signup-titel']"));
 lambdaTestLogo.isDisplayed();

 WebElement signUpTitle = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='signup-titel']"));
 signUpTitle.isDisplayed();

 WebElement termsText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//label[@class='woo']"));
 termsText.isDisplayed();

 WebElement loginLinkText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='login-in-link test-left']"));
 loginLinkText.isDisplayed();

 }

 //Verifying redirection to the terms and conditions page
 @Test
 public void termsRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement termsLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Terms')]"));
 termsLink.click(); 

 Set <String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

 for(String handle : allWindows)
 {
 driver.switchTo().window(handle);
 } 

 String expectedURL = "https://www.lambdatest.com/terms-of-service";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 //System.out.println(actualURL);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Terms of Service - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 //System.out.println(actualTitle);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle); 
 }

 //Verifying Privacy policy page redirection
 @Test
 public void privacyPolicyRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement privacyPolicyLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Privacy')]"));
 privacyPolicyLink.click();

 Set <String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

 for(String handle : allWindows)
 {
 driver.switchTo().window(handle);
 } 

 String expectedURL = "https://www.lambdatest.com/privacy";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 //System.out.println(actualURL);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Privacy Policy | LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 //System.out.println(actualTitle);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle);
 } 

 //Verifying redirection to the Login page from Registration page
 @Test
 public void loginRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement loginLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Login')]"));
 loginLink.click();

 String expectedURL = "https://accounts.lambdatest.com/login";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 //System.out.println(actualURL);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Login - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 //System.out.println(actualTitle);
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle); 
 }

 //Verifying redirection to the landing page
 @Test
 public void landingPageRedirectionTest()
 {
 WebElement lambdaTestLogo = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='logo-home']//a//img"));
 lambdaTestLogo.click();

 String expectedURL = "https://www.lambdatest.com/";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);


 }

 // Registration with all valid data
 @Test
 public void validRegistrationTest(){ 

 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test6.lambdatest@gmail.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@12345");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedURL = "https://accounts.lambdatest.com/email/verify";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Verify Your Email Address - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle);


 }

 // Registration without providing Company Name field
 @Test
 public void emptyCompanyNameTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test7.lambdatest@gmail.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@12345");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();


/*
 * Set <String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();
 * 
 * for(String handle : allWindows) { driver.switchTo().window(handle); }
 */ 

 String expectedURL = "https://accounts.lambdatest.com/email/verify";
 String actualURL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualURL, expectedURL);

 String expectedTitle = "Verify Your Email Address - LambdaTest";
 String actualTitle = driver.getTitle();
 Assert.assertEquals(actualTitle, expectedTitle);
 }

 // Registration without providing Name field
 @Test
 public void emptyNameTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter your Name";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter your Name')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);

 }

 // Registration without providing user email field
 @Test
 public void emptyEmailTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("test");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter your Email Address";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter your Email Address')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration with email id which already have account
 @Test
 public void invalidEmailTest()
 {

 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "This email is already registered";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='error-mass']"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration without providing password field
 @Test
 public void emptyPasswordTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter a desired password";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter a desired password')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration with invalid password
 @Test
 public void inValidPasswordTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("T");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Password should be at least 8 characters long";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Password should be at least 8 characters long')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 //Password should be at least 8 characters long
 }

 // Registration without providing user phone number field
 @Test
 public void emptyPhoneTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "The phone field is required.";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'The phone field is required.')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);
 }

 // Registration with providing invalid user phone number field
 @Test
 public void inValidPhoneTest()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("98");

 WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedErrorMsg = "Please enter a valid Phone number";

 WebElement exp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[contains(text(),'Please enter a valid Phone number')]"));
 String actualErrorMsg = exp.getText();

 Assert.assertEquals(actualErrorMsg, expectedErrorMsg);

 //Please enter a valid Phone number
 }

 // Registration without accepting terms and condition tickbox
 @Test
 public void uncheckedTerms()
 {
 WebElement companyName = driver.findElement(By.name("organization_name"));
 companyName.sendKeys("TestCompany");

 WebElement fullName = driver.findElement(By.name("name"));
 fullName.sendKeys("TestName");

 WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
 email.sendKeys("test@test.com");

 WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
 password.sendKeys("Test@123");

 WebElement phone = driver.findElement(By.name("phone"));
 phone.sendKeys("9876543210");

 //WebElement termsOfServices = driver.findElement(By.id("terms_of_service"));
 //termsOfServices.click();

 WebElement signUp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@class,'btn sign-up-btn-2 btn-block')]"));
 signUp.click();

 String expectedTermsErrorMessage = "To proceed further you must agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy";
 WebElement uncheckedTermCheckbox = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//p[@class='error-mass mt-2']"));
 String actualTermsErrorMessage = uncheckedTermCheckbox.getText();
 //To proceed further you must agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

 Assert.assertEquals(actualTermsErrorMessage, expectedTermsErrorMessage);
 }

 // Closing the browser session after completing each test case
 @AfterClass
 public void tearDown() throws Exception {
 if (driver != null) {
 ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("lambda-status=" + status);
 driver.quit();
 }
 }
}

view rawAutomationtest_script_for_LambdaTest_Registration_Page.java hosted with ❤ by GitHub

In the above test script, you can observe that we have used parameterized options to provide browser name and version, so that we can provide the browser and browser version, as per our requirement on which we need to test the above test script. We can also provide multiple browsers and versions to execute our test script in parallel.

To achieve this, we need to provide the value of browser name and version from the testng.xml file, which we use with every TestNG script. For example, you can refer following testng.xml in which we have provided two browsers (Chrome and Firefox) with their respective versions.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite thread-count="3" name="LambaTestSuite" parallel="tests">

 <test name="FirefoxTest">
 <parameter name="browser" value="firefox"/>
 <parameter name="version" value="69.0"/>
 <classes>
 <class name="com.lambdatest.SignUpTest"/>
 </classes>
 </test> <!-- Test -->

 <test name="ChromeTest">
 <parameter name="browser" value="chrome"/>
 <parameter name="version" value="77.0"/>
 <classes>
 <class name="com.lambdatest.SignUpTest"/>
 </classes>
 </test> <!-- Test -->

 <test name="EdgeTest">
 <parameter name="browser" value="edge"/>
 <parameter name="version" value="44.0"/>
 <classes>
 <class name="com.lambdatest.SignUpTest"/>
 </classes>
 </test> <!-- Test -->

</suite> <!-- Suite -->

view rawtestng.xml hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Below is a snapshot of the final execution that was triggered over the LambdaTest platform. We have executed the cross-browser testing automation script over two browsers (Google Chrome 77 and Mozilla Firefox 69).

If you gaze over the LambdaTest automation dashboard, you will be able to notice multiple tabs representing different types of logs for your test automation script. You get tabs to analyze command logs, network logs, raw Selenium logs, metadata, and more. You also get a full video-recording of your cross-browser testing script over the LambdaTest cloud servers, along with command-by-command screenshot.

Further Reading

• Best Practices For Using Selenium for Test Automation.
• Selenium With Java: Google Search.
• Top 5 Java Test Frameworks for Automation in 2019.