Building a Microservices API Gateway With YARP in ASP.NET Core Web API
Let's walk through a more detailed step-by-step process with code for a more comprehensive API Gateway using YARP in ASP.NET Core.
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Join For FreeLet's walk through a more detailed step-by-step process with code for a more comprehensive API Gateway using YARP in ASP.NET Core. We'll consider a simplified scenario with two microservices: UserService
and ProductService
. The API Gateway will route requests to these services based on the path.
Step 1: Create Microservices
Create two separate ASP.NET Core Web API projects for UserService
and ProductService
. Use the following commands:
dotnet new webapi -n UserService
dotnet new webapi -n ProductService
Step 2: Install YARP Packages
Add the YARP NuGet packages to both microservices projects:
# For UserService
dotnet add package Microsoft.ReverseProxy --version 2.11.0
dotnet add package Microsoft.ReverseProxy.Telemetry.Consumption --version 1.0.0
# For ProductService
dotnet add package Microsoft.ReverseProxy --version 2.11.0
dotnet add package Microsoft.ReverseProxy.Telemetry.Consumption --version 1.0.0
Step 3: Configure Microservices
In each Startup.cs
file of UserService
and ProductService
, configure a simple endpoint:
// Inside Configure method in Startup.cs for UserService
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
endpoints.MapGet("/user", async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("User Service");
});
});
// Inside Configure method in Startup.cs for ProductService
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
endpoints.MapGet("/product", async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Product Service");
});
});
Step 4: Create API Gateway
Now, create a new ASP.NET Core Web API project for the API Gateway:
dotnet new webapi -n ApiGateway
Step 5: Install YARP Package for API Gateway
Add YARP NuGet packages to the ApiGateway
project:
dotnet add package Microsoft.ReverseProxy --version 2.11.0
dotnet add package Microsoft.ReverseProxy.Telemetry.Consumption --version 1.0.0
Step 6: Configure API Gateway
Update the Startup.cs
file in the ApiGateway
project:
public class Startup
{
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddReverseProxy()
.LoadFromConfig(Configuration.GetSection("ReverseProxy"));
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapReverseProxy();
});
}
}
Step 7: Configure YARP in appsettings.json
Create an appsettings.json
file in the ApiGateway
project and configure YARP:
{
"ReverseProxy": {
"Clusters": {
"user": {
"Destinations": {
"userService": { "Address": "https://localhost:5001" }
}
},
"product": {
"Destinations": {
"productService": { "Address": "https://localhost:5002" }
}
}
},
"Routes": [
{
"RouteId": "userRoute",
"ClusterId": "user",
"Match": { "Path": "/user/{**catch-all}" }
},
{
"RouteId": "productRoute",
"ClusterId": "product",
"Match": { "Path": "/product/{**catch-all}" }
}
]
}
}
Step 8: Run the Services and Gateway
Run each microservice (UserService
and ProductService
) and the API Gateway (ApiGateway
). Access the gateway at https://localhost:5000
and test the configured routes, such as https://localhost:5000/user
and https://localhost:5000/product
.
This example provides a basic structure for an API Gateway using YARP in ASP.NET Core, allowing you to route requests to different microservices based on the path. Adjustments and additional features can be implemented based on your specific requirements and the complexities of your microservices architecture.
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